New energy production capacity is determined by the market excess

New energy production capacity is determined by the market excess

Recently, the "excess capacity to say" to the whole industry has brought new energy shock Laptop Battery, a variety of voices followed. For a time, prospects for the development of new energy industries in the number of uncertain factors.

China's new energy industry, the existence of excess capacity, how will the future development? With these questions, this reporter interviewed a few days ago the State Department counselor, China Renewable Energy Society for Shi Dinghuan.

"Excess of that" biased

At present, including large hydropower, renewable energy, including energy consumption in China's 2.6 billion tons of standard coal in the proportion of less than 10%, while in 2020 this ratio reached 15% important, when the demand of China's total energy consumption likely close to 40 million tons of coal. Clearly, to achieve that goal still a considerable distance. In such a dell Latitude D620 battery situation, the new energy "excess capacity to say" how can one talk? Shi Dinghuan, spoke directly to the hearts of questions.

"New energy production capacity is surplus, should the market to a conclusion." Shi Dinghuan to suffer overcapacity question of polysilicon, for example, using detailed data analysis of its market status. He said polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cell industry chain, a link, different from the balance to unbalanced links, from unbalanced to balanced is a relative dynamic process, this process is regulated through the market.

First of all, from a global perspective, in 2008 the world's polysilicon dell RC107 battery production 6.49 million tons, of which 24.4 thousand tons of electronic grade polysilicon, solar grade polysilicon 40.5 thousand tons. In 2008 the global solar cell production to 7900 megawatts (MWp), in which thin-film battery output 895 MWp, crystalline silicon battery output of 7005 MWp. Solar grade polysilicon in accordance with the 2008 consumption level of 8 tons / MWp standard solar grade polysilicon in 2008 the total demand for 56.04 thousand tons. In a portion of electronic-grade polysilicon to single crystal silicon material in the form of head and tail into the photovoltaic field, which accounts for electronic-grade polysilicon 1 / 10, that is, 2440 tons, so the actual demand for solar grade polysilicon for the 53.6 thousand tons . This 2008 production of solar grade polysilicon compared to 13.1 thousand tons are still missing. Thus, until 2008, the global polysilicon continues in short supply.

Specific to China, in 2005 years ago, China's polysilicon industry was virtually nonexistent. At that time the only one to survive China's polysilicon dell Y9943 battery production capacity of enterprises is only an annual output of 100 tons, far below the global polysilicon industry, and above every turn-kiloton scale. In recent years, strong demand in the global PV market pull, as well as the efforts of industry, our country has finally established its own polysilicon industry, has started production of polysilicon production line using closed-circuit loop, clean production processes and Siemens, improved technologies, and reached a production capacity of 1000 tons and above, some enterprises has reached the level of energy consumption 150-170 kWh / kg (kWh / kg).

China Renewable Energy Society statistics show that in 2008, China's polysilicon production was 4721 tons, compared to 17.85 thousand tons of market demand, is still a lack of 13,129 tons; in 2009, China's production of crystalline silicon cells will be about 3500 MWp, dell Inspiron 640m battery In accordance with 7.5g/Wp terms, total of 26.25 thousand tons polysilicon, while in 2009 China's polysilicon production is estimated at 1.3 million tons. Clearly, there is still more than half of polysilicon to be imported.

Shi Ding-huan said that although China's tight polysilicon supply situation is easing, but the actual demand and supply perspective, does not exist so-called "excess capacity."

"Excess capacity to say" Behind the

Since there is no "excess capacity", the new energy "excess capacity" was another come from? In this regard, Shi Dinghuan analysis, "capacity" concept is one of the main unclear.

Generally speaking, capacity refers to a product line or a business, an industry already have, or the formation of production capacity, actual production dell Inspiron 630m battery capacity, can not be planned capacity, design capacity and capacity under construction, confused.

Shi Dinghuan, for example, a production line under construction in the actual production capacity is zero; a production line has just started production of the actual production capacity and design capacity is also completely different. If a design capacity of 1,000 tons of polysilicon production enterprises in the start of the first year of production of 200 tons, then the year to achieve the actual production capacity is 200 tons, not statistics of 1,000 tons.

Shi Dinghuan pointed out that the shortage in the market situation, a business then the actual production may exceed its design capacity, because in short supply, the plant is at full capacity, so no matter how much of its design capacity, should use the year to measure real output; in excess of dell 6T473 battery demand, the products unmarketable, there is underemployment, the actual output will be less than the capacity.

Shi Dinghuan emphasized that the capacity, design capacity and capacity under construction, with many uncertain factors, should not be a reliable basis for industrial development.

The development of new energy long way to go

The development of new energy industry is to achieve a low carbon economy and sustainable development, the only way, however, at present China's new energy in the composition of the proportion of energy consumption would be minimal. The urgent need for new energy industry, government and society for the understanding and support.

At present, China's new energy industry development is faced with supporting infrastructure, imperfect, the market can accommodate a number of factors are not high degree of constraints, there have been some problems.

Shi Dinghuan believe that no matter how many problems, disputes the extent of substitution should follow the national energy strategy, adhere to the "new dell Inspiron 5100 battery energy sources to replace traditional energy sources to edge alternative energy scarce energy sources to renewable energy alternative to fossil energy" development.

Shi Dinghuan pointed out that in the process of development of new energy industries, the Government should play a basic role of market regulation at the same time, strengthen macro-control and guidance, in particular, to strengthen the construction of science and technology innovation system to form by engaging in basic and strategic research " national team "and the enterprise as the mainstay, combining production and research team composed of technical innovation army of scientific and technological innovation.

At present, China's new energy business a lot, but the R & D investment and talent are dell Inspiron 1100 battery more scattered and difficult to form a strong, country-level research team. Focus on the future development of new energy industries, the Chinese Renewable Energy Society is co-related organizations to build Beijing Solar Electric Power Research Institute.

In the Shi Dinghuan view, this is a new industry in exploring the development of supporting methods, both for government decision-making services, but also to provide assistance for the enterprise technology; both a major strategic research, to focus on development of basic and cutting-edge technologies, but also the implementation of Important information collection, analysis and publishing, and strive to create an open, network-oriented public R & D platform.

"I hope it will develop into the field of solar power in China's 'national team', led the development of solar energy industry, thus contributing to a whole new energy dell C1295 battery industry development." Shi Ding-wan, said.

China-ASEAN cooperation to promote new energy and renewable energy development and utilization of

China-ASEAN cooperation to promote new energy and renewable energy development and utilization of

26, held in Kunming, the "China - ASEAN's new energy and renewable energy dell Latitude D820 battery development and utilization of international S & T Cooperation Forum" to deepen the new energy and renewable energy co-operation developed into a participating government officials and experts consensus.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretariat, the Director of Science and Technology Li Yi Lake Andreas Beam said that China and ASEAN countries have a wealth of new energy and renewable energy resources, in the field of development and utilization of context, countries have accumulated a more fruitful and experience , in order to carry out in-depth in this dell TD175 battery area of cooperation has laid a good foundation.

Department of International Cooperation of Science and Technology of China, said Wang Qiming Counselor, at present, China's new energy and renewable energy with the world's more than a dozen countries have established R & D, technology transfer and demonstration of various forms of cooperation. China and ASEAN countries in the field of cooperation initiatives, such as China and Thailand jointly organized and implemented for the Southeast Asia, South Asia, building solar dell PC764 battery power system development and demonstration of international scientific and technological cooperation projects.

From China and ASEAN countries over a hundred government officials and experts attended the forum and for solar energy, biomass and other renewable energy technologies and product development applications seminar, understanding of national policies and measures, to share in the the field of technology development and utilization of dell 312-0386 battery findings.

Early in November, the Chinese Ministry of Science and the ASEAN Secretariat have agreed, in the Yunnan Province Science and Technology Department to establish a special platform for scientific and technological cooperation, so that countries can on this platform to share information and knowledge.

Cover article: BYD Battery Wang Chuanfu "all are a paper tiger" (b)

Cover article: BYD Battery Wang Chuanfu "all are a paper tiger" (b)

In fact, Sony, Sanyo will have a lawsuit against BYD, BYD has finally achieved victory.

Although the imitation to the development of BYD offers a shortcut, but also recognized Wang Chuanfu imitation Laptop Battery is not a long-term solution, the key is to master the core technology, "We do not aim to mimic the product to eventually grasp the target development platform."

Strength in numbers

In addition to "cottage" products, BYD also "cottage" equipment. The company started, Wang Chuanfu decided to produce the battery, but a set of production line easily tens of millions, the yuan, BYD could not afford, but others do not sell. How to do? Their own making! "We are learning techniques, methods, or can explore them. Early, when there is no automation equipment, many products are not be able to do them?" As a result, Wang Chuanfu will restore the mechanized assembly line production of semi-automatic increase in manpower "millet plus rifles" type of mode of production, production lines can be decomposed into a month to complete the process manually. This approach not only solved the soil production problems, but also save a lot of money, dell laptop battery reduce production costs.

From the battery to cars, BYD "cottage" model of the device still continues. Wang Chuanfu said that BYD is now 60% of the battery production equipment is self-development. Not only is the battery production equipment, mobile phones and even car parts are many devices are manufactured in their own, such as the car dies, BYD is their own production. At present, BYD has a section for each industry, manufacture of non-standard, semi-automated equipment, the team dedicated to manufacturing equipment.

For the BYD imitation tactics, we can call "cottage Gong", but Wang Chuanfu think it should be called creative imitation, "Early enterprise financial difficulties, imitation is also a last resort."

The workshop in BYD, a dozen production lines are dell Latitude D820 battery lined up in each production line has a sixty or seventy meters long, sat in front of forty to fifty skilled workers, each person holding the hands of a fixture, fast and accurate to doing welding, labeling and so on. BYD has hundreds of such workshops. To visit the people are shocked that they have never seen so many people work together. BYD's rival Sanyo, Sony come to visit, the more fear.

Sanyo, Sony and other manufacturers workshops are equipped with the most advanced automated production lines, only a handful of workers to operate. Compared with the BYD, the cost of production is much higher, often millions of dollars in a production line is necessary. BYD is not enough money, only to earth approach, the decomposition of an automated production processes, as well as a number of stations, through the home-made equipment, and low-cost skilled workers to complete.

Wang Chuanfu said, "We now have more than 10000 engineers, more than 100,000 workers. In the future the number of engineers to reach 3 million dell TD175 battery or more, the number of workers to reach 30 million to 400,000. I say we want to achieve by 2025 the world's first Mahayana car sales business, a lot of people do not believe. but my heart is with bottom. I am what basis? by virtue of its people. 30 million more workforce and a large team of engineers, this is my capital. "" I just want to defeat of the manpower advantage with our competitors, because the vast majority of cars still rely on people to do procedures. the Chinese nation's hard work and hard-working, determined that we will become the first in the world. "

Wang Chuanfu the use of cheap labor for mass manufacture of high-tech products, is a typical "human wave tactics." Strength in numbers, Wang Chuanfu industrial manufacturing with Chinese characteristics into the model to an extreme.

"Technical Madman" to the life of traditional car leather

January 12, 2009, the North American International Auto Show dell PC764 battery in Detroit grand opening of BYD's first entry into the main exhibition hall. BYD unveiled its dual-mode electric vehicle F3DM as well as pure electric vehicles E6, Buffett just invest in BYD also arrived at the scene to help out, attracting a lot of attention. "The New York Times" carried a special report on the BYD introduced BYD's electric cars. Energy shortages in the current circumstances, the electric car has become many people's hope.

Wang Chuanfu has said publicly that he claimed in 2025 to become the world's leading automotive industry is not nonsense, because he mastered the subversive path and disruptive technologies.

First of all, BYD-made batteries of its "human sea tactics" and "cottage tactics" transplanted to the car production, such a use of China's abundant low-cost human resources, production patterns, can significantly reduce production costs, making themselves on the market have a stronger competitive.

Second, technically speaking, BYD's electric car technology is a powerful subversive. Professor of economics at Tokyo University, said Takahiro Fujimoto, "In the future pattern of changing the world automobile industry, will be a complete change in the current internal combustion engine system-driven energy or technology." Wagoner,dell 312-0386 battery chairman of General Motors Corporation, admits, "We will see to the current use of internal combustion engines will be eliminated most of this in my career in the automotive industry will be thirty years that have never been the feeling. "

Wang Chuanfu said the world will enter an era of electric vehicles, internal combustion engine will soon move toward the end of the era, all the internal combustion engine automobile production plants that use of technology will be the end, such as four-wheel drive technology, transmission technology, fuel-injection technology and will become milli - no avail, as electric cars do not need these things. This is the world's automobile industry, no doubt, is a subversive revolution. To use the words of Wang Chuanfu, electric cars to traditional cars like the impact of "e-form on the impact of mechanical watches," as strong.

This technology not only for disruptive changes in BYD, China's auto industry as a whole is an opportunity, a chance to lead the world automobile industry. "Electric cars have been a lack of traditional technologies for China's new automotive technology, automotive industry, it is a catch up with Europe and the United States a good opportunity." Wang Chuanfu said.

Research executive director of China's WTO QIAO Liang optimistic that: "In the new energy era, China's auto industry may well lead the world." Chen Qingtai the State Council Development Research Center has also said that China's position in the global auto industry may be a result of new energy sources Auto major changes.

Wang Chuanfu with complete confidence, "the power to replace the fuel, is the inevitable development trend of the automobile industry." F3DM in BYD dual-mode electric vehicle conference, he is full of pride to announce that, "Now has come the era of electric vehicles, while the lead the world automobile market, not American, nor German, but the Chinese people! "

In order to tide the forefront of new energy vehicles, dell Latitude D620 battery Wang Chuanfu not only invested heavily in R & D of electric vehicles, but also personally command the production of electric vehicles. Established at the end of 2006 the E6 electric vehicle project team, he was personally responsible as the total project, seeks to integrate its two core businesses, batteries and car, from the

And lead the world automotive industry. "In doing electric vehicles, I am upbeat and confident. As we enter the automotive industry is mainly made electric vehicles, electric vehicles is the core of the battery. Battery is what we do best, so we firmly believe that art can BYD low-cost, high-quality manufacturing model to the automotive industry, transplant, so that the whole of China and the world automotive competition, a major change in the pattern. "

Killing the Tiger's "Paradox"

Wang Chuanfu entrepreneurial road is full of legendary, he did not by common sense out the card, good at reverse thinking dell RC107 battery and dare to carry out subversive change and practice. "Wearing straw sandals", he Doudao a lot of "wear shoes" big brother, he is his own original "cottage" technology strategy, down a lot of technical "paper tiger."

However, the road is quite smooth start Wang Chuanfu terms of the success of those who have helped him something, such as super-confident, to reinvent the wheel concept, may also be hidden in the development of BYD. After the success of a more self-sufficient Wang Chuanfu whether the enterprise engaging in "say"? BYD is also in development, too arrogant? After the revolutionaries lay Jiangshan, how to construct a new order, how to achieve their own change? These are the Wang Chuanfu should think about. While locked in, but the legislation is much more difficult than the break.

At present, BYD has "a leader in new energy vehicles," the slogan shouted out, "leading the world in 2025" and under the sea has also boasted, and Wang Chuanfu has put himself in a high level. The so-called mad, "wearing shoes" is not easy. Pierce "paper tigers" who themselves may become a "paper tiger", which is a number of dell Y9943 battery fighting the tiger's fate

Cover article: BYD Battery Wang Chuanfu "all are a paper tiger" (a)

Cover article: BYD Battery Wang Chuanfu "all are a paper tiger" (a)

BYD's head Wang Chuanfu (Wang Chuanfu news, Wang Chuanfu Well), Laptop Battery super-confident, almost arrogant, daring subversion. He spent a short period of eight years time will be less than 20 people, a small workshop into a world's second-largest mobile phone battery manufacturers. Today, the "batteries king" to do "car king", exactly, is "king of electric cars." This time, he can do into

Wang Chuanfu, BYD young head, human

Referred to as "Lunatic Fringe", "car Madman", "subversives." He was extremely obsessed with technology, meaning everyone made against the car, building electric vehicles, also claimed in 2025 to become the global automotive industry leader.



Most insurgents have a crazy temperament, do not follow common sense, dare to think Gangan, courage, Wang Chuanfu is true. In his eyes, "all are a paper tiger,"Dell Precision M60 battery everything can subvert, everything can change.

How dare people how much production

August 9, 2007, in Shenzhen Longgang, Pingshan base BYD completed, the base area of 1.8 million square meters, a total of more than 30 leveling hills, filling more than 120 fish ponds, dug more than 750 million cubic meters of soil ; base is equipped with power plants and 56 manufacturing plants, tens of thousands of employees in the production line busy; BYD F6 second paragraph of a new car off the assembly line from here, official debut ... ... look at all of this, BYD Wang Chuanfu head can not help but pride of the big time, making remarks in the passenger area of BYD in 2015 to achieve China's first, in 2025 to do in the world. Such pronouncements, and for a shock outside dell Inspiron 8600 battery the industry.

The Tsuboyama base built Twelve years ago, 29-year-old Wang Chuanfu had just resigned from state-owned enterprises and stability, and a dozen business partners in Shenzhen, a dilapidated workshop Liantang 敲敲打打. That run-down shop is almost all of them places of activity during the day and engage in research and development, play ground floor at night. This is the beginning of Wang Chuanfu business. For the resignation, Wang Chuanfu that did not hesitate a firm can do it themselves. When he was borrowing money to the cousin, Xiang-Yang Lü venture, the Xiang-Yang Lü difficult to understand, "You are a national cadres, why risk it sea?" Wang Chuanfu stubbornly insists that "I am a study of the battery, I believe he can do, I believe that the potential of the battery industry. "

The 20th century, the mid-90s, cellular phones popular in the city, Wang Chuanfu sights on mobile phone battery is a huge emerging market. Happened at this time, Japan announced that Japan's domestic production will not nickel-cadmium batteries, Wang Chuanfu think this is a "golden" opportunity, decided to produce nickel-cadmium batteries. dell 8N544 battery Despite the difficulties, but Wang Chuanfu was firmly put into the production of nickel-cadmium batteries, and in the end of 1995 was at the time of Taiwan's largest manufacturer of cordless telephones DBTEL orders.

In 1998, the Asian financial crisis struck, the global battery price drop, BYD, low-cost advantage brought into full play, Philips, Panasonic and so turned to BYD purchase batteries. In just three years, BYD has become the industry leader in the battery.

Subsequently, the BYD higher technical difficulty involved in nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium battery production. In these two areas are also dominated by Japanese companies, a small company established only three years to challenge the Sanyo, the world's giants, can not help but joke, but Wang Chuanfu was done, and have been successful. At present, BYD nickel batteries, cell phone use lithium batteries in the global market share have been accounted for the first one, BYD become the world's top two mobile phone battery manufacturers.

After all, the battery industry development space is limited, the dell Inspiron 8500 battery ambitious Wang Chuanfu wanted to find a big business to do. Do? "After much deliberation, only the car." This is really big business - industry, the high threshold of significant investments at greater risk. Wang Chuanfu investment in the automobile industry in favor of the little people, company executives are playing a lot of pulled out. In early 2003, Wang Chuanfu before the decision to intervene in the automobile industry to seek the views of more than 20 shareholders, we did not openly opposed, but many people minds disagree with. Xia, general manager of BYD Auto Sales Company is a firm opponent of the ice rule, "too risky to enter a new industry like the automotive, Europe and the United States in front of Japan and South Korea have so many good competitors, and my heart there is a nameless fear." Xia Zhi-Bing Wang Chuanfu has been persuaded to give up.

In addition to internal opposition, external pressure will be greater. Heard BYD wants to build a car, many investors felt inexplicable fear and anger, have asked to call Wang Chuanfu. A U.S. fund to Wang Chuanfu a phone call said that if Wang Chuanfu insist on making cars, they will sell a large number of shares of BYD. In fact, many people are doing, dell Latitude D800 battery and BYD's market value evaporated in just a few days more than 30 billion.

Wang Chuanfu is not for the dynamic pressure. Car, put it bluntly, is just "a pile of iron and steel"! In his view, no need to build cars have a "technophobe", "firm conviction will definitely win, faltering that the opportunity will be wasted away." Wang Chuanfu abnormal firm commitment to building cars, he said many investors, " I Xia Bansheng to do a car. " He bought a lot of cars in the books, plunged into them, and he wanted to in-depth understanding of the industry, and then "go full steam ahead" development.

January 23, 2003, Wang Chuanfu acquired Xian Qin Chuan Auto Co., Ltd. 77% of the shares, formally entered the automotive industry.

Although many people expressed doubts about Wang Chuanfu repairer, but BYD introduced the first model - BYD F3 has achieved impressive market performance, the annual selling 10 million vehicles in the automotive industry for BYD the development of fired the first shot. Subsequently, they have introduced BYD F3R, F6 and other models in the automotive market will be basically established a foothold.

Wang Chuanfu not satisfied with this, his real dream is to produce dell 312-0393 battery electric vehicles, to subvert the pattern of the world's automotive industry. He declared, "For us, the repairer just the same as making toys."

Wang Chuanfu super-confident, almost certain arrogance.

The so-called technical problems, Wang Chuanfu not the slightest fear. Just business, he was put into production the core components of the battery batteries of this high-tech products, to build lithium batteries, building cars, he had never felt timid. Wang Chuanfu venture partner, Sun 1 algae once said, "We never felt afraid of the technology. Others have it, I dare to do; others not, I dare to think. BYD any one manager should have a who but myself will certainly win courage. Whenever a problem, we will say that you can not solve, not because there is no capacity, but because you lack courage. "

In management, Wang Chuanfu also not drift, he publicly expressed no interest in any management books, management books, difficult to answer that all enterprises face unique problems. Even China Central Television asked him to worship by many Chinese entrepreneurs, and Jack Welch, Michael Porter, a dialogue with Taiwan, he also Landelikuai, dell YD626 battery "Michael Porter are?" "Jiekeweier Qi are? "" I know what my business is like, I know how to lead BYD. "compared to experts, Wang Chuanfu even believe in themselves.

For his entrepreneurial success, Wang Chuanfu said, "The most important thing is to have spirit of adventure," and many times is not that you can not do, but because you dare to do.

"Cottage Gong" breaking technical barriers

BYD F3 so popular in one incurred by the introduction of the criticism that its "cottage" traces serious. BYD F3 with the Toyota Corolla, both of very similar appearance, and, BYD F3 components can even GM and Toyota Corolla, so that someone removed a sign of BYD to be replaced by a sign of Corolla.

In this regard, Wang Chuanfu not be shy, but he put that imitation is called "standing on the shoulders of giants", "such as F3, we refer to a number of foreign companies, an excellent brand, we use it for non-patent technology, the patented technology weed out. F3 selling so well is because its design is good. "

In addition to imitate Toyota Corolla F3, BYD F0 and the subsequent launch of the Toyota AYGO shape is also very similar, BYD F6 and Toyota Camry are also many similarities, rather than the price of BYD cars like Toyota cars Type cheaper than half.

In response, Toyota am greatly disturbed by the BYD F3 buy dell MM165 battery why it was so like BYD can be made, while the prices are so cheap? Many people believe that Toyota will be prosecuted BYD, but this thing did not happen.

Wang Chuanfu said BYD though learn from others, but it does not get involved in a lawsuit: "Our car did not have any patent issues, we have a patent covering all the changes over, the change of an article. We did extensive use of someone else's non - patented technology, but the combination of integration of non-patented technology is our innovation. intellectual property rights should be respected, but it can circumvent. "

In the broken patent barriers, the BYD There are many clever ways, "say the appearance of the patent there were five car photos, front, back, side, are the top and oblique at the top, in these five areas are very similar, you may infringement, but as long as there is a photograph of which is completely different styles, even if the rest are not exactly the same dell Latitude D830 battery infringement. we head for a tail for no one who has a patent. "No wonder many people often have questions about why the face of domestic cars all grow well, while the bottom is very ugly? The original face is someone else's, only their own bottom.

The BYD Internally, there is an intellectual property department, there are 100 people dedicated to oversee the division, to remind them of what technology is used by someone else's patents, the need to avoid. BYD said, according to insiders, "Every year we plan to tear down a lot of cars, if you want to use a technology, look at there is no patent, there is the adjustment, to avoid off, has not brought to use. We do not even do a good job of litigation preparation, and 100% will not let opponents win. "

 

Microchip MCP73871 Li-ion battery charge management control program

Microchip MCP73871 Li-ion battery charge management control program

Microchip's MCP73871 is a discrete function of the system load balancing Laptop Battery Li-ion / Li-Polymer battery charge management controller and battery can be input to choose between the power supply: single-cell lithium-ion battery or input power (ac-dc wall adapter or USB port). MCP73871 device constant current / constant voltage (CC / CV) charging method, charge termination point optional. Widely used in GPS / navigation systems, PDA and smart phones, portable media players and MP3 players, digital cameras, Bluetooth headsets and portable medical equipment. This article describes the main features of the MCP73871, function block diagram, typical applications, and MCP73871 Evaluation Board features, circuit diagrams and the use of materials (BOM).

MCP73871: load balancing with the system features discrete lithium-ion / Li-Polymer Battery Charge Management Controller

MCP73871 devices to achieve the system load balancing and the adoption of ac-dc wall adapter or USB port power supply to the lithium-ion / Li-polymer battery dell laptop battery provides a fully integrated linear solution. It can input and battery to choose between the power supply. The device is not only small and requires fewer external components, makes it very suitable for portable applications.

MCP73871 device can automatically choose to provide to the system load power, single-cell lithium-ion battery or input power (ac-dc wall adapter or USB port). MCP73871 devices fully meet the USB specification limits the current consumption. The introduction of ac-dc wall adapter power supply to the system, the external resistor will be the maximum charge current amplitude is set to 1A, to support the system load and battery charge current is 1.8A or less the sum of the occasion. dell 312-0292 battery MCP73871 device constant current / constant voltage (CC / CV) charging method, charge termination point optional.

There are four kinds of options to choose from a fixed constant voltage: 4.10V, 4.20V, 4.35V or 4.40V in order to meet the emerging requirements of battery charging. In the high power or high ambient temperature conditions, MCP73871 device will be under the die temperature to limit the charge current. Adjusted according to the temperature of this feature to shorten the charging time, but also to ensure the reliability of the device.

MCP73871 device with a low battery directives, power voltage of the normal direction and two charge status indicator, the output can be connected with the LED, or communicate with the host microcontroller. MCP73871 device in the environment temperature -40 ° C to +85 ° C within the scope of the indicators completely normal.

MCP73871 Features

Integrated load balancing, and battery charging systems management functions

For the system power supply and to the lithium-ion battery at the same time

Voltage and current proportional control dell Inspiron 2200 battery (Voltage Proportional Current Control, VPCC) to ensure that the priority of the system load is higher than lithium-ion battery charge current

Off through the realization of the ideal diode low loss power path management

The full linear charge management controller

Integrated transistor

Integrates the current detection

Integration of the reverse-discharge protection

Optional input power: USB port or AC-DC wall adapter

The default precision charge voltage:

4.10V, 4.20V, 4.35V or 4.40V

Tolerance ± 0.5% voltage regulator

Can be thermal regulation of the Constant Current / Constant Voltage (Constant Current / Constant Voltage, CC / CV) Operation

Maximum total input current control 1.8A

Programmable fast-charge current dell Inspiron 1000 battery (using resistance control) Range: 50 mA to 1A

Resistor-programmable charge termination set-point

Optional USB input current control

Absolute max: 100 mA (low) / 500 mA (high)

Auto-recharge

Automatic charging end of the control

With enable / disable control, safety timer

To the depth of depleted batteries 0. 1C pre-charge

Battery Temperature Monitor

Undervoltage lockout (Undervoltage Lockout, UVLO)

Low battery instructions (LBO)

Supply voltage and normal directions (PG)

Charge status and fault conditions, the instructions

Temperature Range: -40 ° C to 85 ° C

Package: 20-pin QFN (4 mm × 4 mm)

MCP73871 Application:

GPS / Navigator

PDA and smart phones

Portable media players and MP3 players

Digital Cameras

Bluetooth Headset

Portable Medical Equipment

Block-type charger / docking station

Toys

 

Functional Block Diagram Figure 1.MCP73871

MCP73871 Evaluation Board

In the portable electronic design, space and complexity are two key dell TD347 battery factors to be considered. The highly integrated device includes the development of new MCP73871 Li-Ion / Li-polymer battery-powered products needed for a number of components across the barrier design to meet the design requirements of portable electronics.

MCP73871 device requires only minimal external components will be able to supply the load to the system, respectively, as well as to the single-cell lithium-ion batteries. When they are not applied input power or its power is not enough, the lithium-ion batteries will become the main power supply or to act as auxiliary power supply to provide the required system load current. Development MCP73871 Evaluation Board is designed to help product designers to use the popular Microchip system load balancing capabilities with discrete lithium-ion battery charge management controller to simplify product design, shorten product design time.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board demonstrates Microchip's MCP73871 "with the system load balancing capabilities of discrete linear Li-Ion / Li-Polymer battery dell KD476 battery charge management controller" function.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board is designed to default to the system load and the charging voltage of 4.2V (MCP73871 are 4.1V, 4.35V and 4.4V regulator option), single-cell lithium-ion battery to provide at least the total current of 1.5A.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board has two toggle switch (dip switch) is used to select the input current limit. The first toggle switch (SW2) is used to Ac-Dc adapter and USB port (AC / USB) input power to choose between. The second toggle switch (SW1) is used in the 500 mA high-current USB ports, or 100 mA low current USB ports (high / low) to choose between. When using SW2 selected USB as a power source, the input current limit by the USB specification.

When using SW2 select AC adapter, the maximum fast-charge current from the resistor (RPROG1) is set to 1A, charge termination current from the resistor (RPROG3) is set to 100 mA.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board provides three status LED, 2 as a charge status output, an dell GD761 battery indicator as a normal power supply voltage.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board Kit includes:

MCP73871 Evaluation Board, 102-00183

Analog and Interface Products Demonstration Board CD-ROM (DS21912)

MCP73871 Evaluation Board Users Guide (DS51755)

MCP73871 Data Sheet "Stand-Alone Linear Li-Ion / Li-Poly Battery Charge and

System Load Sharing Management Controller "(DS22090)

MCP73871 Evaluation Board demonstrates the use of Microchip's discrete linear Li-Ion battery dell Inspiron 1501 battery charger to achieve system power path management control and load balancing solution. When the disconnect input power, the lithium-ion batteries to give the system load. MCP73871 offers a large number of device options, so that it can be used in a variety of applications. To learn more about the device options, please see the MCP73871 Data Sheet (DS22090A_CN) and / or contact your local Microchip technical support.

Reference design can be used as a typical application of a smart phone, PDA, portable media players, MP3 players, digital cameras, handheld medical devices, Bluetooth headsets, ultra-mobile PC and portable transmitters.

MCP73871 Evaluation Board has the following features:

Integrated load balancing system

Available toggle switch control input current limit, for Ac-Dc adapter, a typical value of 1650 mA, for USB high-current input, max 500 mA, for USB low-current input, max 100 mA

3 LED to indicate charging status, battery power is low and the supply voltage normal signals

Pre-lithium-ion battery charge voltage: 4.2V ± 0.5%

By default, the temperature monitors have been banned, but can be enabled for the introduction of NTC thermistor for temperature monitoring

Factory default for the depth of dell Inspiron E1505 battery depletion of the pre-charge the battery 0.1C

Factory pre-set with a timer function of time-out period to enable a 6-hour security timer

Constant current / constant voltage (CC / CV) charging method

By a resistor to set the maximum charge current: 1A

The termination charge set by the resistor set-point: 100 mA

Automatic charge termination

Auto-recharge

Internal thermal regulation

With an extra hole at the bottom of the exposed pad to better dell Inspiron 6400 battery heat dissipation too

Simplify Li + Battery Charger CC-CV Charging Test (b)

Simplify Li + Battery Charger CC-CV Charging Test (b)

Select the battery model of the load

We first discuss the two must be considered, but eventually gave up modeling method. One of the ways the battery dell laptop battery load modeling are: the use of a source out (discharge) and inhalation (charge) current capacity of the battery voltage source and internal resistance of the resistor in series. As the Li + batteries require precise control of the termination voltage and charge current, present, all Li + battery charger is actually regulated power supply converters.

In addition, regulated power supply converter (charger) depends on the stability of the load (battery) the dynamic characteristics, we must select a model very similar to the load. Otherwise, the test can only verify that the VI characteristics of its own charger.

If only a one-off test, you can use the shunt regulator and resistor in series, This is enough to simulate the battery internal resistance, and, this simple cell model for fully meet test requirements. Advantage of this approach is powered by the charger itself. However, Laptop Battery a more rigorous testing needs of more accurate models. The model uses internal voltage source, voltage value is the process of charging the battery supply, a function of the total charge.

With the constant current source to charge the battery when the voltage will continue to change to a certain increase in positive slope. This is due to the internal battery discharge and other chemical changes in the process, accumulate around the cathode polarization of ions gradually reduced. Therefore, the operating point depends on the battery charger to connect the length of time, and the battery work history. Most E-Lab can be found using common components to build the load, to simulate the load of this complex model is difficult.

Require frequent testing of the charging circuit, or circuit characteristics must be described in detail, accurate simulation of the process of charging the battery dell Inspiron 2000 battery is very useful. Simulation process requires continuous scanning of all dc operating point charger. Analog circuits but also display the results, so that the operator can identify the problems and failures and interference. If the analog circuit can provide the battery voltage output and signal, these results can be directly as the oscilloscope signal. Testing can be speeded up (from hours to tens of seconds), and can be repeated many times as needed, than with a real battery test more convenient. However, after accelerated testing to determine the thermal effect of the negative charging power supply. Therefore, the test may require additional time to work with rechargeable power supply and adjust the thermal time constant of the circuit coincide.

The establishment of the battery model of the load

Figure 2 circuit simulation is the single-cell lithium-ion batteries. CC Stage charger termination charge voltage and fast charge current from the charger setting. Simulator is initialized, it can set the internal battery fully discharge voltage under the conditions of 3V,dell W0465 battery but the voltage can be raised to 4.3V, in order to test the situation before charging. 3V initial value is typically used low-battery voltage shutdown circuit (used to terminate the lithium-ion battery discharge process). This design specifically for the termination of charging voltage for the 4.2V standard CC-CV lithium-ion battery charger. The design of adjustment is very easy to adapt to non-standard termination voltage and fully discharge voltage tests. Test charger up to 3A charge current drive emulation circuit, by the power transistor power limit. Figure 2 circuit to simulate the increase in battery voltage, battery voltage is from a simulation of the circuit is set to begin fully discharged state, the circuit charging current function.

 

Figure 2 a single Li + battery case simulation circuit, the circuit can not use the actual situation of the battery to test Li + Battery Charger

According to the figure given in the parameter values, the charge current is 1A, the integration time constant of the analog circuits within 6-7 seconds dell Latitude X300 battery to reach 4.2V charger restrictions. On the current range, resistance, charge termination voltage and discharge voltage of the simulation is complete in the lithium-ion battery (in this case middle finger Sony US18650G3) typically done on the basis of the parameters. The simulation of the battery voltage without considering the impact of ambient temperature.

Shunt regulator design uses a MAX8515 shunt regulator and a pair of bipolar power transistor (select the regulator to take into account its internal reference voltage accuracy), high current TIP35 transistor installed in the radiator to dissipate 25W of heat on.

MAX4163 dual op amp which an amplifier is used to charge current integration, and the other amplifier on the current measurement signal amplification and bias. The op-amp has a high power supply rejection ratio, and supports full-swing input / output range of the two functions to simplify dell BAT3151L8 battery the circuit design. Note that, with the battery positive terminal emulator 0.100Ω current-sense resistor in series as well as the battery internal resistance.

In the automatic testing - data acquisition functions within the system work, can be an external signal to reset the simulation of the battery to fully discharge state. In addition, the manual operation test settings, reset button can be used.

The use of single-pole single-throw switch can choose two kinds of simulation of battery operation. To throw A-side, the realization of integral charge emulator, as described above. Throw B-side, the simulator will be set at a fixed dc operating point of the charger on-site testing of the output voltage and current smoking. To achieve this functionality, "Settings" voltage by changing the 50kΩ variable resistor, in the manual adjustment of between 2.75V to 5.75V. These settings are voltage internal inhaled current. The measured voltage terminal emulator (VBATT) is equal to set the voltage current flowing through the simulation cell with suction resistance (0.100Ω resistance) produced by pressure drop. Simulation circuit when the power from the battery charger dell 1G222 battery output.

Simulation of circuit performance

Figure 3 for the simulation of lithium-ion batteries to a 4.2V waveforms obtained in a typical VI. As can be seen from Figure 2 in the testing process: an initial fast charge current is 1A Charge (curve B and D), the other is a 2A fast charge current charge (curve A and C). In both cases, the first phase into the CC charge until the battery voltage reaches the termination voltage of 4.2V. After that, the current exponential decay, while the simulation of the battery voltage remains unchanged. Charge current is 2A, the time required to reach the termination voltage is shorter, and is expected to design the same. However, please note, the current double charging time does not make half will only make the time to reach half the CV mode, the battery load test with the real case.

 

Figure 3 according to Figure 2 battery simulation circuits dell INSPIRON 2650 battery draw graphics, fast charging waveform showed that the two conditions, the battery charger work, namely: CC phase 1A (curves B and D) and 2A (curves A and C) Charge Current

Figure 4 is set for two different voltages: 3V and 4.1V when the VI curve of absorption current. Two curves of dynamic resistance (indicated by the slope) is only simulated by the battery internal resistance 0.100Ω resistance.

 

Figure 4 Figure 2 circuit at a voltage of 4.1V (upper curve) and 3V (lower curve) when inhaled current two cases are representative of the slope resistance 0.1Ω

Conclusion

As the lithium-ion battery charging process takes one hour or longer, using the actual load test lithium battery charger would be very time-consuming and often impractical. In order to speed up the battery charger testing, this article describes a simple circuit, used to simulate the lithium-ion battery. The circuit provides a non-use of the actual battery lithium battery dell INSPIRON 2600 battery charger to test effective means of

Simplify Li + Battery Charger CC-CV Charging Test (a)

Simplify Li + Battery Charger CC-CV Charging Test (a)

Lithium-ion (Li +) cells compared with other chemical types of batteries Laptop Battery to be more vulnerable, for illegal operations with very small tolerance. Therefore, the lithium battery charging circuit more complex and demanding high-accuracy current and voltage settings. If you can not meet these accuracy requirements, the battery charger may not be completely filled, thus reducing battery life or affect battery performance.

In view of the Li + battery charger these requirements, the design of the charger completely tested and working within the framework of the entire sub-test is very important. However, the conventional load (ie, Li + battery) test Li + Battery Charger will be very time-consuming, but also in the laboratory and production environment is also difficult to achieve. To simplify the testing process, this paper presents a battery simulation circuits, can speed up the test speed, and without the battery case with the actual realization of lithium-ion battery dell Inspiron 1520 battery charger test.

CC-CV charge

Lithium-ion battery charging process of the first phase of moderate accuracy of the constant current (CC) charging, and then in the second phase of the transition to high-precision constant voltage (CV) charging.

Figure 1 for use in lithium-ion battery charger CC-CV IC (MAX1737) of the VI characteristic curve. This type of IC is the consumer products of all lithium-ion battery charger core. Figure can be clearly seen CC (2.6V to 4.2V battery voltage) and CV (4.2V) area.

 

Figure 1. MAX1737's VI curve is the standard Li + battery charger characteristic curves

Battery falls below 2.6V, the need to adopt a different charging technology dell laptop battery. If you attempt to discharge to 2.6V below the battery, charger required to provide a lower charge current ( "conditioning current"), will charge the battery voltage to 2.6V. This is the lithium-ion battery over-discharge must be taken when the security mechanism. VBATT <2.6V, by force if fast charging, would short-circuit the battery into an unrecoverable state.

CC to CV transition point of the critical phase of the tolerance of ± 40mV. The reason why such a demanding tolerance, because if the CV is too low, the battery will not be completely filled; while CV is too high, it will shorten the battery life. Means to detect the termination of charging the battery to reach full capacity, the charger must be disconnected or shut down. In the CV stage, when the detected charging current to quickly charge or maximum charge current flow of a certain percentage (usually "10%) when the termination charge.

Li + Battery Charger Parametric Test

Li + Battery Charger design usually consists of two basic parts: the digital part (control state machine) and analog parts, including those with high-precision dell 4834T battery analog part ( "1%) benchmark, can be precisely controlled current / voltage source. Pairs of lithium-ion battery charger (not only refers to IC) completely testing is a very difficult and time-consuming work, not just limited to current or voltage value tested.

Test, should be carried out throughout the scope of work of the charger segmented detection: including CC stage, the switch from CC to CV, charge termination. As noted above, the ideal test is the load on conventional charger: the Li + battery. However, due to charging process takes one hour or even longer, the use of lithium batteries is very time-consuming testing. Depending on the different test conditions: for example, large-capacity rechargeable battery + slow, small-capacity battery + Fast Charge as well as other possible combinations, the test time is not the same.

In addition, the charging process can not guarantee dell 2834T battery not to damage the battery under the premise of increased charge current, because the battery charge current by the maximum charge rate (ie, fast-charge current) constraints. For consumer products commonly used in batteries, very few provisions of current is greater than 1C (in 1 hour the battery fully discharge current). Therefore, in most cases to complete the charge cycle, the time required often exceeds two hours. If you need to repeat the test, you need to fully discharge the battery - this process is only slightly shorter than the charge. Or, must be able to have fully discharged the battery at any time.

Also you can use a simulated ideal alternative to a true load battery load test. Simulation should verify the circuit's DC response and dynamic stability. However, the use of power measurement standards used in simulation of the load to the battery is very difficult. Unlike most power supplies used in load testing is different from the battery can not be simply treated as a fixed resistance or exposure to current. As noted above, the scope of work must be carried out within the entire sub-tests. The following description of the Li + battery charger test circuit fully meet these dell Latitude LS battery requirements.

How do I just bought a new laptop battery charger

How do I just bought a new laptop battery charger

The use of lithium batteries should be noted that a period of time after the battery Laptop Battery is placed into hibernation, lower than normal capacity at this time, use of time has also come to shorten. However, lithium batteries can easily activated, as long as after 3-5 times the normal charge-discharge cycles the battery can be activated to restore to normal capacity. As the lithium battery's own characteristics, its decision is almost no memory effect. Mobile phones so users of the new lithium battery in the activation process does not require special methods and equipment. Not only the theory that, from my own practice point of view, from the outset on the use of standard method of charging that "activation" approach is the best.

For the lithium battery "activate" problem, many say is: recharge time must be more than 12 hours, repeated three times to do in order to activate the battery. This "The first three charging more than 12 hours to charge" was obviously from the nickel battery (such as nickel cadmium and nickel metal hydride) inherited from the argument. Therefore, this argument can be said that a beginning of miscommunication. Lithium batteries and nickel battery charge and discharge characteristics are very big difference, but also very clear to tell you that I have gone through all the serious official stressed that technical information and charge-off will discharge lithium batteries, especially lithium liquid ion battery causing great harm. Accordance with the standard charge and therefore the best time and the standard method of charging, in particular, not to carry out more than 12 hours of super-long charge. Typically, the statement introduced mobile phone charging method is suitable for the mobile phone standard method of Hp 398876-001 battery charging.

In addition, lithium batteries cell phone or the charger will automatically stop after the battery is full charge, there is no electricity nickel charger for 10 hours of the so-called "trickle" charge. In other words, if your lithium batteries in full, on the white charger is also sufficient. And we can not guarantee that no one battery charge and discharge protection circuit features and never change and the quality of fail-safe, so your battery will be a long-term at the brink of danger. This is also another charge against the chief reason.

In addition, in some mobile phones, charging more than a certain time, if they do not remove the charger, this time not only to stop charging system will start to discharge - charge cycle. Perhaps the makers of this approach has its own purpose, it is clear that the battery and cell phone / charger is detrimental in terms of life expectancy. At the same time, long charging would take a long time, often at night, but to our power grid situation, at night in many places higher than the voltage, but also volatile. As already said, the lithium batteries is very precious, and it more than nickel in the electric charge and discharge aspects of fluctuations in the capacity of resistance is much less, so this Hp PB992A battery brings additional risk.

In addition, another aspect can not be ignored is the lithium battery is also not suitable for over-discharge, over-discharge of lithium batteries is also very unfavorable. This leads to the following questions.

2, normal use should be when to start charging

In our forums, often see this argument, because the number of charging and discharging is limited, so phone the battery should be used up as much as possible recharge. But I found one on the lithium-ion battery charge and discharge cycle test table, on the cycle life data is as follows:

Cycle life (10% DOD):> 1000 times

Cycle life (100% DOD):> 200 times

DOD is the depth of discharge in which the English abbreviation. Can be seen from the table may be the depth of charge and discharge times, 10% DOD cycle life than when the 100% DOD for much longer. Of course, if the actual charge equivalent to the relative total capacity: 10% * 1000 = 100,100% * 200 = 200, the latter a full charge and discharge, or better than some, but in front of friends do say that some of the amendments: Under normal case, you should have a reserve battery power is left in accordance with the principle of charging run out of charge again, but if your battery in your first two days can not be expected to persist throughout the day, when they should start on time charge, of course, if you are willing to back the charger to the office again a different matter.

And you need to recharge in order to cope with the anticipated upcoming busy communications will lead to an important event, even though there are a lot of battery Hp PB994A battery power over time, then you just charge ahead, because you are not really lost, "a" sub-charge cycle life , that is, "0.x" times only, and often this x will be very small.

Run out of battery power and then filling the remainder of the principle is not want you to go to the extreme. And long, like charging a widespread view that "as far as possible the cell phone battery power runs out, it is best to use automatic shutdown." This is really just practice on nickel batteries, The purpose is to avoid the memory effect occurs, unfortunately, it is also spread of lithium batteries on this. It has been too low because the cell phone battery warning appears, still do not charge to continue to use the example has been used in automatic shutdown. The results in this case, cell phone charging and starting later in the no response, had to give customer service overhaul. In fact, this is because of the battery caused by excessive electrical discharges in low voltage, so that does not have the normal charge and the boot and conditions.

3, for lithium batteries cell phones right way

To sum up, I lithium batteries used in mobile phone charging and discharging, the most important tips are:

1, in accordance with standards and procedures, charging time, even the first three have to do so;

2, When the phone prompts when electricity is too low, we should try to begin charging a timely manner;

3, lithium batteries Hp PB991A battery do not need to activate the special method, in a normal cell phone use lithium batteries will naturally activated. If you insist on spreading the use of "the three previous 12-hour long activation charge" approach, in fact there will be no effect.

Therefore, all the pursuit of super-long 12-hour rechargeable lithium battery cell phone use and the integration of the practice of automatic shutdown, are wrong. If you have previously done in accordance with the wrong argument, please correct in time, perhaps not too late.

Of course, cell phones and chargers to protect themselves and control circuit of good quality cases, the protection of lithium batteries is still quite guaranteed. Therefore, the charge is the focus of understanding of the rules, and in some cases also may make some concessions. For example you find in your cell phone the night before bed charge, you can also start charging before going to bed. Crux of the Sony PCGA-BP1N battery problem, you should know what the right thing, and do not deliberately wrong to do so in accordance with.

Battery Application Maintenance Guide books

Battery Application Maintenance Guide books

Compared with desktop and notebook than the good of the greatest advantage of mobile Laptop Battery portability, which with notebook in the application of an integral rechargeable battery. Rechargeable battery a great convenience for notebook use in complex environments, whether in traveling or in a coffee shop, one Taiwan "unplugged" notebook computers have become the most beautiful landscape. In fact since the inception of notebook computers, manufacturers have not stopped the development of laptop batteries and upgrades, from the initial use of nickel-cadmium batteries (NiCd) batteries to Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH), and then to the widely used lithium-ion battery (Li -Ion), laptop battery has experienced long-term escalation of the revolution. At the same time, increased battery capacity in the best possible circumstances, the notebook hardware manufacturers also focus on the development of energy-saving products, such as low-power processor, SSD hard drives, LED backlit screen applications such as laptop machine are effectively reducing the power consumption, The purpose of doing so, environmental protection, the more important is to give users a longer notebook battery Hp HSTNN-DB20 battery life.



Long-lasting power station notebook

However, the laptop battery life and the use of time, or let the user afflicted. Often do not use the notebook unplugged friends is not difficult to find, with the use of time increases, the notebook battery capacity seems to become smaller and smaller, and the original can be used three hours, and now only 2 hours is necessary to stop clamoring; some friends in to buy business notebook was told the battery can be used 6 hours (or more), while the use of only carried out when we got there, even browse the Web, edit documents some simple operation, battery life is still hovering around the 2-3 hours, is being profiteers blinded or because incorrect use?

Notebook lithium batteries

For these problems, we built-in lithium-ion battery Hp 395789-001 battery from the notebook's basic structure, and users will encounter in use some common problems, we should explain how the proper use and maintenance of lithium-ion battery, so that your beloved The notebook was a motivated mobile power stations.

As mentioned earlier, the vast majority of notebooks currently on the market adoption of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-ion battery from the pen casing, circuit boards and batteries composed of three parts. In the case apart, we will see a section similar to ordinary dry battery power-saving core, but in fact the chemical composition and batteries all have very different sizes, storage capacity for non-regular battery can hold a candle to.

Lithium-ion battery chart

Lithium-ion battery is characterized by large capacity, light weight, the memory effect of nickel-cadmium batteries are also far less obvious. In the evaluation and introductory Hp 396008-001 battery article, we often see the "x-cell battery", "mAh" and other words, the so-called core cells of several "core" refers to the number of batteries within the battery, at present there are three main laptop battery core, 4 core, 6-cell, 9-pin and 12-core, mainstream notebooks on the market more than standard 6-cell battery life is generally 3 hours or so, pay attention to what we call "life" is not equivalent to "standby time" , users must purchase the rhetoric of rational business judgments. A higher demand for mobile office users can buy large-capacity 9-pin and 12-cell battery, of course, a number of relatively expensive price, we will increase the weight of laptops.

The internal structure of the battery

mAh value determines the battery Hp Pavilion dv9000 battery(Hp dv9000 battery) standby time, mAh value is higher the longer the battery usage time. We usually say battery life is determined by the number of battery charge and discharge decisions, the general lithium-ion battery charge and discharge times for the 500 or so, but not the charge will be included in each account, the charge will be counted as more than 80%一次. As a general user's need for frequent recharging, laptop battery life in 2 years or so, and then it would rapidly aging, standby time greatly reduced, which is almost all notebook warranty regulations, will the battery warranty period is set to 1 or so, the reasons for .

Lithium-ion batteries are very sensitive to temperature, the ideal temperature is 20-30 degrees Celsius, when the temperature is below 6 degrees Celsius, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries will self-discharge of 5% per month, which is the best Save mode, but if when the temperature dropped to zero degrees Celsius, the original battery capacity will be reduced to 80%, when the temperature at minus 10 degrees, the capacity dropped to 50%, when the temperature dropped to a certain extent, lithium-ion battery Hp EV087AA battery there is a total loss risk.

Hot environments

Cold environments

Since I can not tolerate low temperatures, then the lithium-ion batteries in high-temperature environment, what is done? Based on case studies and more than proved that under high temperature lithium-ion batteries will greatly shorten the life span and may even be an explosion.

Laptop Cooling Base

In daily use laptops to pay attention to body temperature, the temperature is too low as far as possible not to use the environment, while also note that body heat, it is recommended by means of cooling pad for notebook cooling time, so not only can extend battery life, other internal components of the notebook is also good for life.

In addition to purchasing large-capacity battery Hp EX942AA battery , by setting the power-saving mode, adhere to a correct way to use is to extend the battery usage time effective way. First, we screen and graphics by adjusting the operating mode to reduce power consumption machine. Large-screen notebook power consumption, the general will Laptop screen brightness set to grades 6-10, who are able to be around 50% brightness, but when used at night to about 30% of brightness has been completely sufficient. We know that an independent graphics to provide better high-definition decoding, providing users a clearer lifelike video entertainment experience, but power consumption is relatively high, if your notebook is equipped with dual-graphics and supports graphics switching, it is recommended in the absence of the case of an external power supply is set to separate the use of integrated graphics, although the results will be discounted high-definition, but it can be extended endurance time was 20-35 minutes.

Set standby mode

Second, temporarily using a laptop computer, you can put the computer into standby. We usually will set the power options will be closed roof of the relevant directives set to auto-standby. Specifically, in Windows "Control Panel" and select "Power Management Properties" dialog box, enter the "Advanced" option, the "power button" is set to close the portable computer, "standby", so that can be very convenient to reduce the laptop when not in use at the moment the electricity consumption, thereby extending the use of time, of course, different versions of the operating system settings in the way there will be nuances.

Unplug peripherals can also be energy-saving

In addition, the external device will increase the machine Hp Pavilion ZT3000 battery power consumption, is therefore proposed that the mouse, U disk, memory card and other external equipment, disconnect and turn off the wireless network adapter, infrared port and Bluetooth, and even reduce the processor's operating frequency, these are In exceptional circumstances the necessary means to extend battery life.

We have mentioned earlier, the battery life is the decision by the battery charge and discharge times, the constant charging and discharging operations, will accelerate the aging of the battery is damaged, so how to properly charge and discharge will become a key element to extend battery life. Many consumers purchase notebook computers will be told to charge and discharge completely three times, in fact, even in everyday use, we should try to ensure the power run out after filling. The first application with the notebook compared to nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium battery memory effect, while not obvious, but still does exist, but a full charge and discharge is the best way to avoid the memory effect.

Complete charge and discharge will help extend battery life

Most laptop battery at full power, full power, the battery charging circuit within the state is still open, so there is an external band of energy, it is recommended not to use the battery as far as possible, not with the battery in the case of multiple plug an external power supply, because power relatively abundant, each time an external power supply plug on the equivalent of charging time, is the same as the laptop battery in the aging step forward has been on the road.

Charge should also be cautious

The battery discharge must comply with certain preservation rules, lithium-ion battery deep discharge more serious consequences may result severe battery failure or total loss, and thus the battery store about three months later, it is recommended the battery Hp 337607-001 battery out to re-charge the battery in order to avoid excessive self-discharge.

Described above, are the daily use of laptop battery standard, while the last two years, many consumers have been repeatedly exposed laptop battery explosion, spontaneous combustion and recalls the incident shock, lithium batteries have a panic fear of the psychological. In fact the battery explosion happened probability is very low, annual shipments of notebook batteries in the millions around the probability of the occurrence of explosion is almost equivalent to buying lottery tickets in the first color, and in the bombings, there is partly due to users caused by improper.

Laptop Battery Explosion

Laptop battery ignition

Triggered laptop battery cause of the explosion, in addition to the circuit the battery outside of its own heat and humidity are mainly two points, how to cool the notebook we have already talked about the need to pay attention to is never in the wet environment using a laptop, although some of The so-called "three defenses" product known as waterproof, but generally refers to the set up between the keyboard and the internal components of a sealed compartment, blocking the liquid from the keyboard into the laptop internal gap in-depth, while the laptop battery is not part of the defense capability of liquid .

To protect books from damp

Then the liquid or moist environment on the laptop battery, what damage? In the humid environment, the laptop battery is prone to short-circuit the internal Hp 337607-003 battery circuitry, causing the circuit failure is likely to directly harm notebook, or cause the battery self-ignition and explosion. However, users do not need to worry too much, as long as the guarantee not to use high temperature and high humidity environment, notebook, stick to the correct battery usage, the battery is basically the probability of explosion could be ignored.

To get rid of a bomb hidden battery

To get rid of a bomb hidden battery

Consumers spent to purchase high-priced but has a hidden Laptop Battery explosive issue of the battery, which the user is concerned, we can not accept the fact. But such events do occur, the problem of the existence of the battery is indeed the major people scared ... ... According to media reports, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission has disclosed for the HP and Compaq notebook computer lithium-ion battery packs may overheat, triggering fire, causing property losses of the user, therefore, Hewlett-Packard decided to recall tens of thousands of blocks of the problem batteries. It is understood that this is already the second time within six months, HP's implementation of the notebook computer lithium-ion battery recall program areas.

Hewlett-Packard has taken the initiative to recall the batteries, first, in order to ensure customer safety, also embodies the two responsible for HP's customer service attitude. However, "why the battery safety issues often happen?" A lot of consumers shocked by the issue of doubt. As the popularity of modern life, consumer electronics, the battery Hp 338794-001 battery had to rise to reflect on the problems exposed. As consumers themselves, how to prevent and reduce the risks to happen?

Occurrence frequency of the battery caught fire and exploded, triggering fears

Strong global demand for consumer electronics, lithium battery industry has stimulated the development of new security risks also will be increased. It seems every other period of time, there will be a brand recall of notebook computer laptop batteries, regardless of former Dell, Sony, or HP ... ... today's laptop batteries, cell phone batteries and other civil battery safety issues more and more affected by people's concern.

The Hewlett-Packard has taken the initiative to recall the batteries in the industry is not the first time, and certainly not the only one. In 2008, 100,000 used the Sony laptop batteries recalled; the same year in August, Dell announced the company's headquarters Hp PP2182L battery worldwide recall of approximately 4.1 million "fires" batteries, these batteries under extreme conditions in a particular , due to a number of battery cells in the presence of metal particles, the battery overheating and even fire risk will increase, this is the history of the consumer electronics industry, the largest single recall. Security risks exist not only laptop battery, mobile phone battery explosion case is also frequent, threatening people's lives and health.

Therefore, from a few years ago, sporadic incidents of security risks, to now come and go, the "explosion" sound, laptop batteries, cell phone battery safety issues seem to have reached the point of imminent. But in China, neither the battery of national standards, the lack of corresponding recall mechanism, which also makes the battery crisis, but not fundamentally solved repeatedly performed. Shows that consumer concerns are justified.

Alert! Cottage battery may be close, "Grenades"

In addition to original equipment batteries currently on the market, there are professional battery manufacturers to produce batteries, as well as the Hp 345027-001 battery cottage batteries to choose from than the original offer price of most of many. However, consumers best buy original batteries, because the vast majority of non-original battery is not charging protection, it is prone to overheating, the most serious is the cause spontaneous combustion and explosion. In particular, the so-called test battery cottage is completely unqualified.

Early in Guangzhou a man hanging in the chest cell phone suddenly exploded, resulting in excessive bleeding death; Subsequently, Hunan, an 8-year-old girl injured his left hand was mobile phone batteries, due to his injuries, the palm can not be restored, only amputation; Earlier, Gansu Jinta County Camp Hongyun Mining Development Corporation when operating a welder in the workshop, but also due to uniform jacket pocket mounted on the mobile phone battery exploded, resulting in the death scenes ... ... the cause of this bloody Hp 342661-001 battery case the culprit is cottage battery.

In addition, according to insiders, in order to interest a lot of cottage electronic products are "super-long standby battery can be" and the low price and some other false reasons and unfair competition to attract consumers. Cottage mobile phone batteries are commonly used in low-quality materials, such as shell material, the regular use of aluminum manufacturers, while the cottage aircraft battery shell material is usually iron, no good electrical protection, are explosive. Cottage battery is a high-risk products!

A multi-pronged preventive measures

No one wants to carry one all day "time bomb", this, the industry to remind consumers: best not to yield to the temptation to buy cheaper so-called "parallel imports", "cottage machine", it is best to purchase the brand authorized dealer licensed products . In addition, chargers, batteries and other Hp pavilion dv6000 battery(Hp dv6000 battery) accessories must use original product. Not only the quality could be assured, and the security is much higher.

At the same time, this recall to replace HP's plans to encourage users to check all random sold or purchased as a spare parts battery, involving the product model, Chinese users can visit the HP Web site to learn more. For such cases, consumers should promptly follow-up to understand, for to purchase products should have the courage to come forward to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

It is noteworthy that apart from their own quality of laptop battery problems will cause an explosion, the consumers themselves may also occur improper use of the same battery safety accident, so operating laptop computer, should avoid the following situations in order to reduce security risks, extending Battery life: full of it still draw a line power source; uninterruptible power supply on the bed; a long time do not use batteries; often the battery removed, exposed the battery Hp Pavilion dv8000 battery(Hp dv8000 battery) position. When the battery make sure that the demolition dust waterproof moisture shock on a regular basis with a small brush clean.

Today, one side is becoming increasingly popular notebook computer, while there are security risks because of their batteries and allow consumers to feel fear, say that this is a sad thing. To eliminate the repeated shouts of "explosion" sound, crossed the "terror zone", in addition to relevant institutions, industries, businesses work together, consumers have self-protection to eliminate hidden dangers, it will no longer cry, "always hurt me" .

The cross-strait cooperation in electric car industry to join hands grab business opportunities in the international green energy

The cross-strait cooperation in electric car industry to join hands grab business opportunities in the international green energy

China Taiwan Net November 26, according to Taiwan's "China Times" Laptop Battery reported that the wave of energy and reduce carbon emissions under the guidance of the Taiwan Transportation Vehicle Manufacturers Association and the mainland of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers jumped in response to electric vehicles for the future situation in the mainstream automotive market, yesterday signed the two shores electric vehicle platform for cooperation letter of intent covering research and development, standards, parts, marketing and demonstration of operation and so on.

Bridging the two sides meeting yesterday to develop new energy power, supply chain, mutual cooperation and to enter the global market as the principal axis, to discuss the two sides in electric vehicles and spare parts supply chain, how the division of labor.

Mainland China Automotive Technology and R & D center's general manager of Tianjin Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Wu Zhixin, sights on the Taiwan Tomita has a supply of induction motors, used in the United States TESLA depot ROADSTER electric sports car, there are also started shipping cars to hit Chinese electric power dell Inspiron 1526 battery development in LUXGEN beautiful car performance, performance of a publicly Tomita, general manager of the co-Qiu Qin Zhang Jinfeng get approval of the episode.

Battery production in Taiwan for many years engaged in the power of energy, the mainland for production of cathode powder CITIC Guoan Mengguli the two sides signed the amount of lithium battery electric vehicles and materials memorandum of cooperation for global green energy business opportunities. Chen Guorong, chairman of the Taiwan Transportation Vehicle Manufacturers Association said that the world is facing energy and reduce carbon emissions, the next 50,100 years, the global automotive market will be re-shuffle, to see who can jump out in front in the field of electric vehicles. The cross-strait co-operation platform for electric vehicles has been established dell Inspiron 1525 battery consensus.

Chen Guorong pointed out that the cross-strait co-operation platform to build electric car research and development, standards, components value chain platform, and he thought it should then add how the charge, earnings mechanism, the battery if the mining lease to be how the financial services industry combined battery recall for some time further processing market face different issues, as well as the two sides show business to run, the mainland city of 1000, 10 electric vehicle policy, Taiwan also plans to low-polluted areas in the 10 demonstration electric cars running Dell Inspiron 1720 battery for the actual functioning of the reliability of battery life and make an amendment.

Mainland China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, executive vice president and secretary general Dong Yang said that the mainland market, large, cheap labor, the overall economic growth, China is more suitable than India to develop electric cars, the two sides work together to not miss opportunities. Dong Yang and Guo-Rong Chen both said that the public association of the two sides signed a letter of intent, the two sides four units will be organized as soon as possible on cross-strait co-operation platform for electric vehicles, arrange visits and to help the industry to find cooperation partners of cross-strait consultations. Chen Guorong stressed that the tendency of the first phase of Taiwan Transportation Vehicle Manufacturers dell Inspiron 1521 battery Association and the vehicle by the Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Center for recommend Taiwan has R & D capabilities and sales performance parts manufacturers to the mainland depot.

Of new energy dilemma energy structure to be solved

Of new energy dilemma energy structure to be solved

The recent heavy snow so that natural gas demand throughout Laptop Battery the surge, while the supply side, said every effort had been still can not meet the demand, which leads to many parts of the country a "gas shortage" in some cities the gap even up to 40%.

Like encounter "power shortage", "Oil Shortage", as this explanation of "gas shortage" causes are: extreme weather events leading to the demand surge, resulting in short supply. However, in the contradiction between supply and demand behind it reflects the one-time resource bottleneck. Grid can be built, wells can play, the trachea can shop, but it is a one-time non-renewable resources. If the gas exhausted, and the trachea shop had to pay a long, what for?

Of natural gas because of its low-cost, clean, environmentally friendly features have been a lot of promoting the use of, but as a primary energy dell 312-0625 battery, natural gas reserves are limited. At present, natural gas, more than 400 billion cubic meters of annual output is only about China's energy production in less than 5%. Data show that China's total gas reserves of natural gas in the world in less than 3%.

This, the authorities urged the public should be saving gas. Of course, energy-saving responsibility, but both require the production or the life of the use of energy, so the use of energy, in addition to reducing expenditure have to open source.

To seek resources abroad is one way to succeed. In recent years, China actively with the countries in the world to carry out oil and gas cooperation, from Saudi Arabia, Russia to Venezuela and Brazil, China Petroleum, Sinopec to learn the world's oil pipelines, are from the Middle East to North Asia, dell 0XR693 battery South America extended.

"However, only a simple response to the issue of energy imports to rely on other countries is not a fundamental way. For the most populous country like China, the world in any one country can not provide adequate supply. In the final analysis, to solve the energy crisis have to rely on myself." Executive Dean of Institute of World Energy Finance, China Financial Research Institute, said Mr Ho Sai-Hung, China's conventional energy resources is only 60% of the world's average, in order to meet growing energy needs, we must accelerate the development and utilization of new energy, which is to solve the problem the key.

Wind resources in China is rich in wind energy development and utilization of available reserves of 10 million kilowatts. At the same time, has a very rich solar energy resources in the Northeast, Midwest, North China are large amount of solar radiation. And in the geothermal field, according to estimates, China's major sedimentary basin geothermal energy stored in dell XR693 battery 736 Yiyi Qian J, exploitable geothermal resources in the country amounted to 6.8 billion cubic meters annually, equivalent to 32.84 million tons of standard coal each year generating capacity.

Not long ago, Obama said during his visit, the two sides agreed to strengthen the clean air, water, transport, power and resource protection cooperation and signed a "China Science and Technology, National Energy Bureau and the U.S. Department of Energy on the Clean Energy Research Center of China-US Joint Protocol on Cooperation, "the future of the two sides will invest at least 150 million U.S. dollars for clean energy research.

In fact, new energy development and utilization of our country dell RN873 battery there are still insufficient. According to the National Energy Board data show that in 2008 China's primary energy consumption, composition, coal will still account for 69% of the proportion of wind power, solar, nuclear and other new energy sources share of less than 2%.

"The new energy in the whole society negligible amount, which is non-fossil energy sources by 2020, accounting for the proportion of primary energy consumption reached about 15% of the target is still a considerable distance." Li Junfeng, deputy director of NDRC Energy Research Institute, said, "The new energy industry also need to give government and community dell GW240 battery understanding and support. "

China Renewable Energy Society for Shi Dinghuan that the new energy capacity to adjust to play the basic role of market regulation, while strengthening the government's macroeconomic regulation and control. Government needs to help companies build technology research and development platform that supports R & D and production and research integration and to develop new energy future, large-scale development can adapt to a variety of technical and management Dell HP297 battery personnel.