That year the German government in order to develop the solar energy industry to the relevant manufacturers to provide substantial financial subsidies, Laptop Battery not only created a generation of China's richest man, but also created a Chinese solar cell and polysilicon plates for several years large cattle myth; Now the Chinese Government to the new energy vehicles to provide large financial subsidies to , is expected to bring new energy and power of motor vehicles and the myth of the battery plate.
General speaking, the new energy automotive industry chain of roughly be divided into three parts: the upper reaches of a non-ferrous metal raw materials, there is the middle vehicle power batteries and battery materials suppliers manufacturers, downstream vehicle manufacturers.
The new energy automotive industry chain, the core part of the new energy vehicle manufacturing, power battery and power battery materials, among which lithium iron phosphate power battery cathode materials, the most promising investment opportunities, while the key raw material in lithium iron phosphate is lithium carbonate, lithium carbonate derived from the mineral resources, in the nature reserves are limited, with strong regional and scarcity, are scarce resources. Thus, in the new energy automotive industry chain, Sony CCD-SC9 battery lithium carbonate becomes the strategic importance of resources is particularly prominent.
First, lithium carbonate industry status quo
The status quo of the global lithium carbonate industry, resource threshold high, capacity is highly concentrated. As of the end of 2007, the global lithium carbonate demand for a total of about 93,000 tons, a major international manufacturers have Chile's SQM, the United States and Germany, Chemtall total FMC annual capacity of 78,000 tons, accounting for 80% of global market share. Large-scale production of lithium carbonate as the enterprise must have reserves of lithium resources are more abundant in salt lake resources, mining rights, which makes the resources of the industry with higher barriers to entry; the other hand, the vast majority of the world's resources are high-magnesium salt low lithium-based , and from high-Mg low-lithium brine separation of lithium carbonate in the purification process technology is very difficult to master prior to these technologies is only a few hands of foreign companies, which makes lithium carbonate industry, but also provides many technical barriers.Sony CCD-TR2 battery Therefore, lithium carbonate has created the industry's global oligopoly structure.
Lithium Salt Lake in the independent R & D, which provides technology and production process of magnesium on the basis of a number of large industrial enterprises in China in recent years in the depths of the Qaidam Basin Zabuye Salt Lake and start building lithium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide and other chemical products production base. The current domestic production of lithium carbonate enterprises mainly in Tibet, mining, CITIC Guoan, Western Mining Group, Qinghai Salt Lake Group, the four companies, while the Tibetan mining and CITIC Guoan has accounted for the vast majority of them, the two companies in 2008 Lithium Carbonate Total output of more than 4,000 tons.
Statistics show that the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is located in the Qaidam Basin, rich in potassium, sodium, magnesium, lithium, boron and other mineral resources, including magnesium chloride 3.1 billion tons, accounting for about 99% of the country to maintain reserves;Sony CCD-TR3 battery lithium chloride nearly 14 million tons, accounting for 83% of the country to maintain reserves. In early 2007, Qinghai CITIC Guoan Technology Development Corporation's West taijnar hu-ton lithium carbonate project formally put into production in the Qaidam Basin, the West Lake taijnar become an important production base for lithium carbonate.
Second, lithium carbonate industry bottlenecks
At present, the global lithium carbonate production capacity is still low, the production costs are high, not really large-scale mining extraction, the company is still looking for more economical and reasonable mode of production, currently hamper the development of lithium carbonate industry is still the biggest problem is the production process technology. In the short term, Tibet, mining and technology in the production of CITIC Guoan is still inadequate, annual output is only 2,000 tons, respectively, representing a lower percentage of main business income is difficult to drive performance increased significantly.
Chinese Academy of Sciences, said Li Jian, researcher, Salt Lake extracting lithium, magnesium technology, to mention a "bottleneck" and gradually Sony NP-F550 battery formed a breakthrough in industrial production shows that China has Salt Lake with independent intellectual property rights developed comprehensive utilization of resources based on comprehensive development of salt lake resources, access to large-scale production of lithium and magnesium in a new phase.
Third, the domestic lithium production of business analysis
1. CITIC Guoan (000,839):
Qinghai CITIC Guoan currently holds 99.375% stake in national security. Qinghai National Security was established in 2003, mainly engaged in Qinghai Salt Lake, West taijnar lithium, potassium, boron, magnesium and other resources of the comprehensive development. West taijnar Salt Lake Qaidam Basin is located in the middle of an area of 570 square kilometers, the liquid resources to reserves of 3.08 million tons of lithium chloride, potassium chloride 26.56 million tons, 1.63 million tons of boron oxide, Sony NP-QM91 battery magnesium chloride 185.97 million tons. Calculated according to the design capacity, these resources available to the company for at least 25 years of mining, the potential economic value of 170 billion yuan.
CITIC Guoan is now actively seek dong taijnar and a right to exploit salt Li Ping. It is reported that a total investment of Qinghai Guoan 2.294 billion yuan, design production capacity of 30,000 tons annual output of lithium carbonate, 1 million tons of magnesium potassium sulfate fertilizer, 75,000 tons boric acid. If this goal can be successfully achieved, CITIC Guoan will become the world's second largest and the biggest producer of lithium carbonate.
However, instability in production processes, equipment, frequent maintenance, the whole of 2007, CITIC Guoan is only produced about 1,800 tons of lithium carbonate. According to reports, at present, CITIC Guoan Lithium Carbonate have four production lines had started only two, and has been at the side of the production side of debugging state. Actual output in 2008 is expected in 2000 tons, the progress of the comprehensive development of salt lake resources, the overall lower than expected. CITIC Guoan secretaries to directorate also said that at present there is no reason to achieve the design capacity, mainly in the company is still looking for more economical and reasonable mode of production. If you do not take into account the economics of production, the company an Sony NP-QM90 battery annual output of 10,000 tons of lithium carbonate production can be achieved. CITIC Guoan is now facing major technological and economic dimensions, namely, how the economic mode of production and realize the comprehensive utilization of salt lake resources.
CITIC Guoan production of lithium carbonate used calcination separation: The main advantage is the ability to separate high-Mg-Li ratio of brine ingredients, a large number of problems in dilute hydrochloric acid by-product recovery, the manufacturing process produces acid mist pollution, excess hydrochloric acid can not be processed, while pre - treatment as part of boric acid consumed entirely in handling difficult. At the same time produced a large number of calcined magnesia slag, due to magnesium slag containing boron, magnesium and boron separation is very difficult, calcined magnesium produced by the utilization of resources also need to be studied. Calcined acidic environment brick furnace equipment corrosion problems difficult to solve.
2. Tibet Mining (000,762):
CITIC Guoan holds a lithium-magnesium associated minerals, Sony NP-FM71 battery the past two or three years has not been a breakthrough in technology, mining in Tibet dominant position in the upstream raw materials is quite highlights. The company now has lithium reserves in first in the country, the world's third largest mining rights Zabuye Salt Lake for 20 years. This is the world's only exists in the form of lithium carbonate in natural salt lakes, in addition to the natural bottom of the lake shore as well as the deposition of lithium carbonate, the water content of lithium carbonate in a conservative estimate as high as 200 million tons. The Mg-Li ratio was only 0.02, the anomaly from a high proportion of Mg-Li Lithium brine problems, so in the future benefit from the mining of Tibet has great potential.
Tibet Mineral Salt Lake Zabuye concentration method using solar pond: Zabuye Salt Lake as a natural carbonate, magnesium and lithium than the lowest in the world, resources and excellent technique more reliable. But Zabuye - silver has more than 2000 kilometers, transport distance is too long, but the circuit does not pass Zabuye water, infrastructure and poor capacity to upgrade require significant capital investment. However, in terms of resource endowments, the most potential for future Zabuye lithium carbonate origin. In 2009 the company plans to produce potassium sulfate and potassium chloride magnesium fertilizer 15 each million tons of lithium carbonate by about 3,000 tons, plans to achieve sales revenues of 750 million yuan. The future by increasing the brine mining Sony NP-QM51 battery wells, and then increase the potassium chloride production capacity 120,000 tons, plans by 2010.
3. Western Mining Group
Qinghai Western Mining Group currently controls 74% of the shares lithium industry. Qinghai Lithium Co., Ltd is currently in the East taijnar to meet the capital of Qinghai Salt Lake extracting lithium and utilization of resources industrialization demonstration projects. In October 2007, Western Mining Corporation design capacity of 3,000 tons of lithium carbonate project started for production purposes. After a year of operation and production process transformation and optimization, to September 2008 reached capacity lithium carbonate on the project to achieve, to the current production of lithium carbonate products for more than 1,000 tons, more than 99.5% product quality and achieve low-cost, non - high temperatures and corrosion, no gas, Sony NP-QM70 battery no residue cleaner emissions from large-scale production.
Qinghai Lithium Co. membrane: its process route is to use multi-stage membrane separation technology, the old brine in the Mg: Li ratio from 20:1 to 1:2 or so, followed by adding sodium carbonate makes the lithium carbonate precipitation. At present the main problem is that in the reverse osmosis concentration process, the dense phase of the precipitation of some salt-poor control, easy to plug or damage to the film, the need to further expand the scope of operational parameters, stable process conditions. In 2009 are planned to reach about 2000 tons the amount of future stable expanded to 7,000 tons / year. Western Mining Corporation is currently under construction production capacity up to 2 million tons of lithium carbonate production base, to build more than 100 tons of high purity lithium Sony NP-FM50 battery carbonate projects and thousands of tons of lithium hydroxide on the project.
It should be noted that the Qinghai Lithium lithium carbonate industry, business belongs to the Western Mining Group and Western Mining, Inc. (601,168) only under the Western Mining Group, a subsidiary, however, Western Mining Holdings Qinghai Lithium Co., so that Western Mining there is the expected capital injection.
4. Salt Lake Group (000,578):
In order to comprehensive utilization of salt lake magnesium, lithium and other resources, "Eleventh Five-Year" period into Salt Lake Industry Group will invest an annual output of 100,000 tons anhydrous magnesium chloride, 10,000 tons lithium carbonate and so on, to build modern high-tech base in the salt industry. Salt Lake Group, a subsidiary of LandTek lithium industry, its processes, including resin adsorption, elution, concentration, membrane separation and carbonization process. Years ago, installed in the front part of the debugging resin adsorption. Lithium concentrations were lower due to brine a large number of brine to enter the resin bed, resin adsorption main problem is water consumption, resin consumption and power consumption, large, and because a substantial change in resin temperature adaptation is not enough, resulting in resin, are also addressing issues such as broken in. It is estimated that the average production of 1 ton lithium carbonate need to consume around 600 tons of fresh water, the average consumption level of renewable pH of about 5% of resin consumption is about 5% each. The cost of production the need for further observation, Sony Camcorder Battery expects its costs will be 1.5 tons million yuan.
Fourth, development of the industry outlook for lithium carbonate
From the development trend, new energy cars is undoubtedly the future direction of automotive development, while the lithium battery powered electric vehicles is the best choice. The future market for lithium batteries and battery raw materials, demand is enormous. For this reason, lithium carbonate, once mining extraction technology is a breakthrough, cost-effective reduction to achieve large-scale industrial production, the outlook for the future will be very broad.
According to the Investment Advisor "issued by China's new energy vehicles 2008-2010 Industry Analysis and Investment Consulting Report" points out that by 2012, China had 10% of the new production of the cars are energy-saving and new energy vehicles, according to an annual output of cars will be cars for the 10 million counted, China's new energy vehicles to reach an annual output of 1 million scale. Each new motor vehicle is expected to need about 0.08 tons of lithium carbonate, lithium batteries once the driving force large-scale application Camcorder Battery of new energy vehicles, the lithium carbonate market potential will be very huge, new energy sources is expected to only 2012 cars on the annual demand for lithium carbonate will reach 5 million tons.
The current domestic price of industrial-grade lithium carbonate to 45,000 yuan / ton or so, battery grade lithium carbonate price of 70,000 yuan / ton or so, high purity lithium carbonate price is as high as 100,000 yuan / ton or more, domestic involved in new projects because it is extracted using salt brine lithium carbonate, production costs in the 10000-15000 yuan / tons. Therefore, the market generally felt that the profitability of lithium carbonate products is very high, will give investors Camcorder Battery a huge increase.
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